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\/>\nedit\u00a0:\u00a0main.o\u00a0kbd.o\u00a0command.o\u00a0display.o\u00a0<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0search.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-o\u00a0edit\u00a0main.o\u00a0kbd.o\u00a0command.o\u00a0display.o\u00a0<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0search.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\nmain.o\u00a0:\u00a0main.c\u00a0defs.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0main.c<br \/>\nkbd.o\u00a0:\u00a0kbd.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0kbd.c<br \/>\ncommand.o\u00a0:\u00a0command.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0command.c<br \/>\ndisplay.o\u00a0:\u00a0display.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0display.c<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0:\u00a0insert.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0insert.c<br \/>\nsearch.o\u00a0:\u00a0search.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0search.c<br \/>\nfiles.o\u00a0:\u00a0files.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0files.c<br \/>\nutils.o\u00a0:\u00a0utils.c\u00a0defs.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0utils.c<br \/>\nclean\u00a0:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0edit\u00a0main.o\u00a0kbd.o\u00a0command.o\u00a0display.o\u00a0<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0search.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\n\u53cd\u659c\u6760\uff08\uff09\u662f\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fbf\u4e8eMakefile\u7684\u6613\u8bfb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u201cMakefile\u201d\u6216\u201cmakefile\u201d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u201cmake\u201d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6edit\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e0b\u201cmake\u00a0clean\u201d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2amakefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08target\uff09\u5305\u542b\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6edit\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08*.o\uff09\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\uff08prerequisites\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u5192\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u00a0.c\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u00a0.h\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0.o\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u00a0.o\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u53c8\u662f\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u00a0edit\u00a0\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u7531\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u540e\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2aTab\u952e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0cmake\u5e76\u4e0d\u7ba1\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u7ba1\u6267\u884c\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002make\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83targets\u6587\u4ef6\u548cprerequisites\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u5982\u679cprerequisites\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u8981\u6bd4targets\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u8981\u65b0\uff0c\u6216\u8005target\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u662f\uff0cclean\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u50cfC\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684lable\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5176\u5192\u53f7\u540e\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u5176\u540e\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5176\u540e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5728make\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u660e\u663e\u5f97\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2alable\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2amakefile\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u6216\u662f\u548c\u7f16\u8bd1\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20183853\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">xlongjiu<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 11:08:46<\/b><br \/>\n\u72c2\u9876\uff01<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20021248\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">torrent<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 11:13:36<\/b><br \/>\n\u5199\u7684\u8fd8\u7b97\u4e0d\u9519<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:18:05<\/b><br \/>\n\u4e09\u3001make\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684<br \/>\n\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8f93\u5165make\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c<br \/>\n1\u3001make\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u627e\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u201cMakefile\u201d\u6216\u201cmakefile\u201d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n2\u3001\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08target\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u627e\u5230\u201cedit\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n3\u3001\u5982\u679cedit\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6216\u662fedit\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u540e\u9762\u7684\u00a0.o\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u8981\u6bd4edit\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u65b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u751f\u6210edit\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n4\u3001\u5982\u679cedit\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684.o\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48make\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u76ee\u6807\u4e3a.o\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u5219\u518d\u6839\u636e\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u751f\u6210.o\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5806\u6808\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09<br \/>\n5\u3001\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u7684C\u6587\u4ef6\u548cH\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5566\uff0c\u4e8e\u662fmake\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u00a0.o\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7528\u00a0.o\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u547dmake\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6edit\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u4e2amake\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u4e00\u5c42\u53c8\u4e00\u5c42\u5730\u53bb\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7f16\u8bd1\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u627e\u5bfb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6700\u540e\u88ab\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48make\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u5e76\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\uff0cmake\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u7406\u3002make\u53ea\u7ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u5373\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6211\u627e\u4e86\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5192\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u5de5\u4f5c\u5566\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u4e8e\u662f\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5df2\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982file.c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807file.o\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u7f16\u8bd1\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f9d\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u540e\u9762\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\uff0c\u4e8e\u662ffile.o\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5566\uff0c\u4e8e\u662ffile.o\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u8981\u6bd4edit\u8981\u65b0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5edit\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u94fe\u63a5\u4e86\uff08\u8be6\u89c1edit\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230[.o]\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u91cd\u590d\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684[.o]\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u52a0\uff08\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5728clean\u4e2d\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684makefile\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u52a0\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7d2f\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679cmakefile\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5fd8\u6389\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f16\u8bd1\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86makefile\u7684\u6613\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u5728makefile\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u3002makefile\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u6210C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002<br \/>\n\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ebobjects,\u00a0OBJECTS,\u00a0objs,\u00a0OBJS,\u00a0obj,\u00a0\u6216\u662f\u00a0OBJ\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5566\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793aobj\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728makefile\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0=\u00a0main.o\u00a0kbd.o\u00a0command.o\u00a0display.o\u00a0<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0search.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\n\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684makefile\u4e2d\u4ee5\u201c$(objects)\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6539\u826f\u7248makefile\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6837\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0=\u00a0main.o\u00a0kbd.o\u00a0command.o\u00a0display.o\u00a0<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0search.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\nedit\u00a0:\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-o\u00a0edit\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\nmain.o\u00a0:\u00a0main.c\u00a0defs.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0main.c<br \/>\nkbd.o\u00a0:\u00a0kbd.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0kbd.c<br \/>\ncommand.o\u00a0:\u00a0command.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0command.c<br \/>\ndisplay.o\u00a0:\u00a0display.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0display.c<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0:\u00a0insert.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0insert.c<br \/>\nsearch.o\u00a0:\u00a0search.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0search.c<br \/>\nfiles.o\u00a0:\u00a0files.c\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0files.c<br \/>\nutils.o\u00a0:\u00a0utils.c\u00a0defs.h<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0utils.c<br \/>\nclean\u00a0:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0edit\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n\u4e8e\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u00a0.o\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e0b\u00a0objects\u00a0\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u5173\u4e8e\u53d8\u91cf\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e00\u9053\u6765\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e94\u3001\u8ba9make\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc<br \/>\nGNU\u7684make\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u540e\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u53bb\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a[.o]\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u90fd\u5199\u4e0a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684make\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u5df1\u63a8\u5bfc\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n\u53ea\u8981make\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a[.o]\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u628a[.c]\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679cmake\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2awhatever.o\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48whatever.c\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u662fwhatever.o\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u00a0cc\u00a0-c\u00a0whatever.c\u00a0\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684makefile\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u5199\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e48\u590d\u6742\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u662f\u65b0\u7684makefile\u53c8\u51fa\u7089\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0=\u00a0main.o\u00a0kbd.o\u00a0command.o\u00a0display.o\u00a0<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0search.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\nedit\u00a0:\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-o\u00a0edit\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\nmain.o\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h<br \/>\nkbd.o\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ncommand.o\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ndisplay.o\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\nsearch.o\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\nfiles.o\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h\u00a0buffer.h\u00a0command.h<br \/>\nutils.o\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h<br \/>\n.PHONY\u00a0:\u00a0clean<br \/>\nclean\u00a0:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0edit\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fmake\u7684\u201c\u9690\u6666\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c.PHONY\u201d\u8868\u793a\uff0cclean\u662f\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u5173\u4e8e\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u201c\u9690\u6666\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e00\u9053\u6765\u3002<br \/>\n\u516d\u3001\u53e6\u7c7b\u98ce\u683c\u7684makefile<br \/>\n\u5373\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u7684make\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u770b\u5230\u90a3\u5806[.o]\u548c[.h]\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5c31\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u723d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u7684[.h]\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u5176\u6536\u62e2\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u4e8emake\u6765\u8bf4\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u8c01\u53eb\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5462\uff1f\u6765\u770b\u770b\u6700\u65b0\u98ce\u683c\u7684makefile\u5427\u3002<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0=\u00a0main.o\u00a0kbd.o\u00a0command.o\u00a0display.o\u00a0<br \/>\ninsert.o\u00a0search.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\nedit\u00a0:\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-o\u00a0edit\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n$(objects)\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h<br \/>\nkbd.o\u00a0command.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0:\u00a0command.h<br \/>\ndisplay.o\u00a0insert.o\u00a0search.o\u00a0files.o\u00a0:\u00a0buffer.h<br \/>\n.PHONY\u00a0:\u00a0clean<br \/>\nclean\u00a0:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0edit\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684makefile\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u6709\u70b9\u51cc\u4e71\u4e86\u3002\u9c7c\u548c\u718a\u638c\u4e0d\u53ef\u517c\u5f97\u3002\u8fd8\u770b\u4f60\u7684\u559c\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u662f\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u770b\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u591a\uff0c\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684.o\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u7406\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e03\u3001\u6e05\u7a7a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\n\u6bcf\u4e2aMakefile\u4e2d\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u7a7a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08.o\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u91cd\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5229\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6301\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4fee\u517b\u201d\uff08\u5475\u5475\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u6211\u7684\u300a\u7f16\u7a0b\u4fee\u517b\u300b\u5417\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u90fd\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\nclean:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0edit\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\n.PHONY\u00a0:\u00a0clean<br \/>\nclean\u00a0:<br \/>\n-rm\u00a0edit\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n\u524d\u9762\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c.PHONY\u610f\u601d\u8868\u793aclean\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u3002\u800c\u5728rm\u547d\u4ee4\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u51cf\u53f7\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u7ba1\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u505a\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0cclean\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u8981\u653e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210make\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u8c01\u4e5f\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u4e0d\u6210\u6587\u7684\u89c4\u77e9\u662f\u2014\u2014\u201cclean\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u662f\u653e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2amakefile\u7684\u6982\u8c8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662fmakefile\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591amakefile\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e86\u5c31\u6765\u3002<br \/>\n&lt;-\u4e0a<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:18:58<\/b><br \/>\n\u4e00\u3001Makefile\u91cc\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<br \/>\nMakefile\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e94\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff1a\u663e\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u9690\u6666\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u793a\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002<br 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\/>\n3\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u70b9\u4f60C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8f\uff0c\u5f53Makefile\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\n4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u793a\u3002\u5176\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aMakefile\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aMakefile\uff0c\u5c31\u50cfC\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684include\u4e00\u6837\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6307\u6839\u636e\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u6307\u5b9aMakefile\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u6548\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u50cfC\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1#if\u4e00\u6837\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6709\u5173\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3002<br 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\/>\n2\u3001\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55&lt;prefix&gt;;\/include\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\uff1a\/usr\/local\/bin\u6216\/usr\/include\uff09\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cmake\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53bb\u627e\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfMAKEFILES\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8einclude\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u7684Makefile\uff0c\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u3002\u53ea\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u548cinclude\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u7684Makefile\u7684\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53d1\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\uff0cmake\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7406\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u8981\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528make\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684Makefile\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u770b\u5230\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u544a\u8bc9\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f60\u7684Makefile\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u602a\u4e8b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e94\u3001make\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<br \/>\nGNU\u7684make\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5165\u4e0b\uff1a\uff08\u60f3\u6765\u5176\u5b83\u7684make\u4e5f\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff09<br \/>\n1\u3001\u8bfb\u5165\u6240\u6709\u7684Makefile\u3002<br \/>\n2\u3001\u8bfb\u5165\u88abinclude\u7684\u5176\u5b83Makefile\u3002<br \/>\n3\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\n4\u3001\u63a8\u5bfc\u9690\u6666\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u3002<br \/>\n5\u3001\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u94fe\u3002<br \/>\n6\u3001\u6839\u636e\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u76ee\u6807\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u3002<br \/>\n7\u3001\u6267\u884c\u751f\u6210\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n1-5\u6b65\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c6-7\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u628a\u5176\u5c55\u5f00\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f46make\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5c55\u5f00\uff0cmake\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u62d6\u5ef6\u6218\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ec5\u5f53\u8fd9\u6761\u4f9d\u8d56\u88ab\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u624d\u4f1a\u5728\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<br 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\/>\n1\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0cfoo.o\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8efoo.c\u548cdefs.h\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679cfoo.c\u548cdefs.h\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65e5\u671f\u8981\u6bd4foo.o\u6587\u4ef6\u65e5\u671f\u8981\u65b0\uff0c\u6216\u662ffoo.o\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u53d1\u751f\u3002<br \/>\n2\u3001\u5982\u679c\u751f\u6210\uff08\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\uff09foo.o\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e2acc\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210foo.o\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\uff08\u5f53\u7136foo.c\u6587\u4ef6include\u4e86defs.h\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<br \/>\n\u4e8c\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5<br \/>\ntargets\u00a0:\u00a0prerequisites<br \/>\ncommand<br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\n\u6216\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<br \/>\ntargets\u00a0:\u00a0prerequisites\u00a0;\u00a0command<br \/>\ncommand<br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\ntargets\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\ncommand\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e0d\u4e0e\u201ctarget:prerequisites\u201d\u5728\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5[Tab\u952e]\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u548cprerequisites\u5728\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u505a\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u3002\uff08\u89c1\u4e0a\uff09<br \/>\nprerequisites\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8981\u6bd4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8981\u65b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5728\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee4\u592a\u957f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6846\uff08\u2018\u2019\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002make\u5bf9\u4e00\u884c\u4e0a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u5236\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u544a\u8bc9make\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u4ee5UNIX\u7684\u6807\u51c6Shell\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\/bin\/sh\u6765\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e09\u3001\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6bd4\u8f83\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5c31\u60f3\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002make\u652f\u6301\u4e09\u5404\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff1a\u201c*\u201d\uff0c\u201c?\u201d\u548c\u201c[&#8230;]\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u548cUnix\u7684B-Shell\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7\uff08\u201c~\u201d\uff09\u5b57\u7b26\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u201c~\/test\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684$HOME\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684test\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u800c\u201c~hchen\/test\u201d\u5219\u8868\u793a\u7528\u6237hchen\u7684\u5bbf\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684test\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662fUnix\u4e0b\u7684\u5c0f\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e86\uff0cmake\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\uff09\u800c\u5728Windows\u6216\u662fMS-DOS\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u5bbf\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7\u6240\u6307\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5219\u6839\u636e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u201cHOME\u201d\u800c\u5b9a\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86\u4f60\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u201c*.c\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6240\u4ee5\u540e\u7f00\u4e3ac\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u6709\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u201c*\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u201c\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u201c*\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u201c*\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<br \/>\n\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5148\u6765\u770b\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5427\uff1a<br \/>\nclean:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0-f\u00a0*.o<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6211\u4e0d\u4e0d\u591a\u8bf4\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edfShell\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002<br \/>\nprint:\u00a0*.c<br \/>\nlpr\u00a0-p\u00a0$?<br \/>\ntouch\u00a0print<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807print\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684[.c]\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u201c$?\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7ed9\u4f60\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3002<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0=\u00a0*.o<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e86\uff0c\u901a\u7b26\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4[*.o]\u4f1a\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u4e0d\uff01objects\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201c*.o\u201d\u3002Makefile\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662fC\/C++\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u8ba9\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9objects\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6240\u6709[.o]\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0:=\u00a0$(wildcard\u00a0*.o)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u7531\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u201cwildcard\u201d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5173\u4e8eMakefile\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<br \/>\n\u56db\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u641c\u5bfb<br \/>\n\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f53make\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u627e\u5bfb\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u544a\u8bc9make\uff0c\u8ba9make\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u627e\u3002<br \/>\nMakefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\u201cVPATH\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0cmake\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u53bb\u627e\u5bfb\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5230\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u53bb\u627e\u5bfb\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\nVPATH\u00a0=\u00a0src:..\/headers<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6307\u5b9a\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u201csrc\u201d\u548c\u201c..\/headers\u201d\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u76ee\u5f55\u7531\u201c\u5192\u53f7\u201d\u5206\u9694\u3002\uff08\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff09<br \/>\n\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528make\u7684\u201cvpath\u201d\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5168\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2amake\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e2aVPATH\u53d8\u91cf\u5f88\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u66f4\u4e3a\u7075\u6d3b\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a<br \/>\n1\u3001vpath\u00a0&lt;pattern&gt;;\u00a0&lt;directories&gt;;<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u7b26\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f&lt;pattern&gt;;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u5f55&lt;directories&gt;;\u3002<br \/>\n2\u3001vpath\u00a0&lt;pattern&gt;;<br \/>\n\u6e05\u9664\u7b26\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f&lt;pattern&gt;;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<br \/>\n3\u3001vpath<br \/>\n\u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<br \/>\nvapth\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684&lt;pattern&gt;;\u9700\u8981\u5305\u542b\u201c%\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u201c%\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u5339\u914d\u96f6\u6216\u82e5\u5e72\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c%.h\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u201c.h\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002&lt;pattern&gt;;\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u96c6\uff0c\u800c&lt;directories&gt;;\u5219\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86&lt;pattern&gt;;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u96c6\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nvpath\u00a0%.h\u00a0..\/headers<br \/>\n\u8be5\u8bed\u53e5\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42make\u5728\u201c..\/headers\u201d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u201c.h\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\uff08\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u7684\u8bdd\uff09<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u4f7f\u7528vpath\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fde\u7eed\u7684vpath\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684&lt;pattern&gt;;\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u88ab\u91cd\u590d\u4e86\u7684&lt;pattern&gt;;\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u6309\u7167vpath\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u5148\u540e\u987a\u5e8f\u6765\u6267\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nvpath\u00a0%.c\u00a0foo<br \/>\nvpath\u00a0%\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0blish<br \/>\nvpath\u00a0%.c\u00a0bar<br \/>\n\u5176\u8868\u793a\u201c.c\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5148\u5728\u201cfoo\u201d\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f\u201cblish\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u201cbar\u201d\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<br \/>\nvpath\u00a0%.c\u00a0foo:bar<br \/>\nvpath\u00a0%\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0blish<br \/>\n\u800c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5219\u8868\u793a\u201c.c\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5148\u5728\u201cfoo\u201d\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f\u201cbar\u201d\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u624d\u662f\u201cblish\u201d\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e94\u3001\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807<br \/>\n\u6700\u65e9\u5148\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cclean\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\uff0c<br \/>\nclean:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0*.o\u00a0temp<br \/>\n\u6b63\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u201cclean\u201d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5373\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u9664\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u4ee5\u5907\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u91cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u800c\u7528\u3002\u00a0\uff08\u4ee5\u201cmake\u00a0clean\u201d\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u76ee\u6807\uff09<br \/>\n\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u751f\u6210\u201cclean\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5make\u65e0\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u5b83\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u8981\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u793a\u5730\u6307\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u5176\u751f\u6548\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u7684\u53d6\u540d\u4e0d\u80fd\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u91cd\u540d\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u5176\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u540d\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u201c.PHONY\u201d\u6765\u663e\u793a\u5730\u6307\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u5411make\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n.PHONY\u00a0:\u00a0clean<br \/>\n\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5426\u6709\u201cclean\u201d\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u201cclean\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u201cmake\u00a0clean\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<br \/>\n.PHONY:\u00a0clean<br \/>\nclean:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0*.o\u00a0temp<br \/>\n\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u4e00\u822c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u6307\u5b9a\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76ee\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684Makefile\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u53e3\u6c14\u751f\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u53ea\u60f3\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u6572\u4e00\u4e2amake\u5b8c\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aMakefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff1a<br \/>\nall\u00a0:\u00a0prog1\u00a0prog2\u00a0prog3<br \/>\n.PHONY\u00a0:\u00a0all<br \/>\nprog1\u00a0:\u00a0prog1.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-o\u00a0prog1\u00a0prog1.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\nprog2\u00a0:\u00a0prog2.o<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-o\u00a0prog2\u00a0prog2.o<br \/>\nprog3\u00a0:\u00a0prog3.o\u00a0sort.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-o\u00a0prog3\u00a0prog3.o\u00a0sort.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0cMakefile\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201call\u201d\u7684\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83\u4e09\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u7279\u6027\u662f\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u90a3\u4e09\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u603b\u662f\u4e0d\u5982\u201call\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u65b0\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u4e09\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u88ab\u51b3\u8bae\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u53e3\u6c14\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u201c.PHONY\u00a0:\u00a0all\u201d\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u201call\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u4e3a\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u968f\u4fbf\u63d0\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u53ef\u6210\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\n.PHONY:\u00a0cleanall\u00a0cleanobj\u00a0cleandiff<br \/>\ncleanall\u00a0:\u00a0cleanobj\u00a0cleandiff<br \/>\nrm\u00a0program<br \/>\ncleanobj\u00a0:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0*.o<br \/>\ncleandiff\u00a0:<br \/>\nrm\u00a0*.diff<br \/>\n\u201cmake\u00a0clean\u201d\u5c06\u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709\u8981\u88ab\u6e05\u9664\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u201ccleanobj\u201d\u548c\u201ccleandiff\u201d\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u201c\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u201cmake\u00a0cleanall\u201d\u548c\u201cmake\u00a0cleanobj\u201d\u548c\u201cmake\u00a0cleandiff\u201d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u6e05\u9664\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:20:43<\/b><br \/>\n\u516d\u3001\u591a\u76ee\u6807<br \/>\nMakefile\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u652f\u6301\u591a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u540c\u65f6\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u751f\u6210\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u4f53\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u628a\u5176\u5408\u5e76\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u751f\u6210\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53ef\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u597d\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u201c$@\u201d\uff08\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8bb2\u8ff0\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u7740\u76ee\u524d\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5427\u3002<br \/>\nbigoutput\u00a0littleoutput\u00a0:\u00a0text.g<br \/>\ngenerate\u00a0text.g\u00a0-$(subst\u00a0output,,$@)\u00a0&gt;;\u00a0$@<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u8ff0\u89c4\u5219\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\nbigoutput\u00a0:\u00a0text.g<br \/>\ngenerate\u00a0text.g\u00a0-big\u00a0&gt;;\u00a0bigoutput<br \/>\nlittleoutput\u00a0:\u00a0text.g<br \/>\ngenerate\u00a0text.g\u00a0-little\u00a0&gt;;\u00a0littleoutput<br \/>\n\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c-$(subst\u00a0output,,$@)\u4e2d\u7684\u201c$\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2aMakefile\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u4e3asubst\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u201c$@\u201d\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u201c$@\u201d\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e03\u3001\u9759\u6001\u6a21\u5f0f<br \/>\n\u9759\u6001\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7684\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u5148\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<br \/>\n&lt;targets\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;:\u00a0&lt;target-pattern&gt;;:\u00a0&lt;prereq-patterns\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;<br \/>\n&lt;commands&gt;;<br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\ntargets\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u3002<br \/>\ntarget-parrtern\u662f\u6307\u660e\u4e86targets\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u96c6\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684[.d]\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a[.d]\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u6210\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u53ef\u4e00\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a[.d]\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u8d56\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u653e\u8fdb\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e3bMakefile\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Makefile\u7684\u201cinclude\u201d\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6765\u5f15\u5165\u522b\u7684Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u8fc7\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nsources\u00a0=\u00a0foo.c\u00a0bar.c<br \/>\ninclude\u00a0$(sources:.c=.d)<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u201c$(sources:.c=.d)\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u201c.c=.d\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u628a\u53d8\u91cf$(sources)\u6240\u6709[.c]\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u90fd\u66ff\u6362\u6210[.d]\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u66ff\u6362\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u9762\u6211\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u6b21\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3ainclude\u662f\u6309\u6b21\u6765\u8f7d\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6700\u5148\u8f7d\u5165\u7684[.d]\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:21:21<\/b><br \/>\n\u4e66\u5199\u547d\u4ee4<br \/>\n\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<br 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\/>\n\u901a\u5e38\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u628a\u5176\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u524d\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u201c@\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u524d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4e0d\u88abmake\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u50cf\u5c4f\u5e55\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\n@echo\u00a0\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1XXX\u6a21\u5757&#8230;&#8230;<br \/>\n\u5f53make\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1XXX\u6a21\u5757&#8230;&#8230;\u201d\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u201c@\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<br \/>\necho\u00a0\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1XXX\u6a21\u5757&#8230;&#8230;<br 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\/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a<br \/>\nexec:<br \/>\ncd\u00a0\/home\/hchen<br \/>\npwd<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e8c\uff1a<br \/>\nexec:<br \/>\ncd\u00a0\/home\/hchen;\u00a0pwd<br \/>\n\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u201cmake\u00a0exec\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684cd\u6ca1\u6709\u4f5c\u7528\uff0cpwd\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7684Makefile\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0ccd\u5c31\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u4e86\uff0cpwd\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u201c\/home\/hchen\u201d\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Makefile\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u524d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u51cf\u53f7\u201c-\u201d\uff08\u5728Tab\u952e\u4e4b\u540e\uff09\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u547d\u4ee4\u51fa\u4e0d\u51fa\u9519\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nclean:<br \/>\n-rm\u00a0-f\u00a0*.o<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u7ed9make\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c-i\u201d\u6216\u662f\u201c&#8211;ignore-errors\u201d\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cMakefile\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4ee5\u201c.IGNORE\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u9632\u6b62\u547d\u4ee4\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u559c\u6b22\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b\u7684make\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u662f\u201c-k\u201d\u6216\u662f\u201c&#8211;keep-going\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u51fa\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u7ec8\u76ee\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u5176\u5b83\u89c4\u5219\u3002<br \/>\n\u56db\u3001\u5d4c\u5957\u6267\u884cmake<br \/>\n\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u90fd\u4e66\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7684Makefile\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684Makefile\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5730\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5168\u90e8\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aMakefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u5f88\u96be\u7ef4\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684Makefile\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6a21\u5757\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u5206\u6bb5\u7f16\u8bd1\u6709\u7740\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u53ebsubdir\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u4e2aMakefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6765\u6307\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u63a7\u7684Makefile\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u4e66\u5199\uff1a<br \/>\nsubsystem:<br \/>\ncd\u00a0subdir\u00a0&amp;&amp;\u00a0$(MAKE)<br \/>\n\u5176\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\nsubsystem:<br \/>\n$(MAKE)\u00a0-C\u00a0subdir<br \/>\n\u5b9a\u4e49$(MAKE)\u5b8f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u7684make\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u5229\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\u610f\u601d\u90fd\u662f\u5148\u8fdb\u5165\u201csubdir\u201d\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884cmake\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2aMakefile\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u603b\u63a7Makefile\u201d\uff0c\u603b\u63a7Makefile\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4e0b\u7ea7\u7684Makefile\u4e2d\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u663e\u793a\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u4e0b\u5c42\u7684Makefile\u4e2d\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u201c-e\u201d\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u4e0b\u7ea7Makefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<br \/>\nexport\u00a0&lt;variable\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba9\u67d0\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4e0b\u7ea7Makefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<br \/>\nunexport\u00a0&lt;variable\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;<br \/>\n\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a<br \/>\nexport\u00a0variable\u00a0=\u00a0value<br \/>\n\u5176\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0=\u00a0value<br \/>\nexport\u00a0variable<br \/>\n\u5176\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\nexport\u00a0variable\u00a0:=\u00a0value<br \/>\n\u5176\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0:=\u00a0value<br \/>\nexport\u00a0variable<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e8c\uff1a<br \/>\nexport\u00a0variable\u00a0+=\u00a0value<br \/>\n\u5176\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0+=\u00a0value<br \/>\nexport\u00a0variable<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u4e2aexport\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u540e\u9762\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u8ddf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4f20\u9012\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\n\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fSHELL\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fMAKEFLAGS\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u662f\u5426export\uff0c\u5176\u603b\u662f\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4e0b\u5c42Makefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662fMAKEFILES\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86make\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u201c\u603b\u63a7Makefile\u201d\u65f6\u6709make\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u662f\u5728\u4e0a\u5c42Makefile\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48MAKEFILES\u53d8\u91cf\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4f1a\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4e0b\u5c42Makefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f46\u662fmake\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f80\u4e0b\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u201c-C\u201d,\u201c-f\u201d,\u201c-h\u201d\u201c-o\u201d\u548c\u201c-W\u201d\uff08\u6709\u5173Makefile\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8bf4\u660e\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u60f3\u5f80\u4e0b\u5c42\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\uff1a<br \/>\nsubsystem:<br \/>\ncd\u00a0subdir\u00a0&amp;&amp;\u00a0$(MAKE)\u00a0MAKEFLAGS=<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfMAKEFLAGS\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u5f97\u786e\u4fe1\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u9009\u9879\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u201c-t\u201d,\u201c-n\u201d,\u548c\u201c-q\u201d\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u4f1a\u6709\u8ba9\u4f60\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u5f02\u5e38\u5730\u6050\u614c\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u201c\u5d4c\u5957\u6267\u884c\u201d\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u201c-w\u201d\u6216\u662f\u201c&#8211;print-directory\u201d\u4f1a\u5728make\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e0b\u7ea7make\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u201c\/home\/hchen\/gnu\/make\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u201cmake\u00a0-w\u201d\u6765\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff1a<br \/>\nmake:\u00a0Entering\u00a0directory\u00a0`\/home\/hchen\/gnu\/make&#8217;.<br \/>\n\u800c\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0b\u5c42make\u540e\u79bb\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff1a<br \/>\nmake:\u00a0Leaving\u00a0directory\u00a0`\/home\/hchen\/gnu\/make&#8217;<br \/>\n\u5f53\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u201c-C\u201d\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u6307\u5b9amake\u4e0b\u5c42Makefile\u65f6\uff0c\u201c-w\u201d\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u6709\u201c-s\u201d\uff08\u201c&#8211;slient\u201d\uff09\u6216\u662f\u201c&#8211;no-print-directory\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u201c-w\u201d\u603b\u662f\u5931\u6548\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e94\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4\u5305<br \/>\n\u5982\u679cMakefile\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u540c\u547d\u4ee4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5e8f\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u79cd\u547d\u4ee4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4ee5\u201cdefine\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ee5\u201cendef\u201d\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\ndefine\u00a0run-yacc<br \/>\nyacc\u00a0$(firstword\u00a0$^)<br \/>\nmv\u00a0y.tab.c\u00a0$@<br \/>\nendef<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u201crun-yacc\u201d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d\u8981\u548cMakefile\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u91cd\u540d\u3002\u5728\u201cdefine\u201d\u548c\u201cendef\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u884c\u5c31\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u8fd0\u884cYacc\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aYacc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u603b\u662f\u751f\u6210\u201cy.tab.c\u201d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6539\u6539\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u8fd8\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5427\u3002<br \/>\nfoo.c\u00a0:\u00a0foo.y<br \/>\n$(run-yacc)<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u89c1\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u201crun-yacc\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u201c$^\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u201cfoo.y\u201d\uff0c\u201c$@\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u201cfoo.c\u201d\uff08\u6709\u5173\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ee5\u201c$\u201d\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff09\uff0cmake\u5728\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f9d\u6b21\u72ec\u7acb\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:22:15<\/b><br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf<br \/>\n\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<br \/>\n\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u662fC\/C++\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5176\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u539f\u6a21\u539f\u6837\u5730\u5c55\u5f00\u5728\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5176\u4e0eC\/C++\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u503c\u3002\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u547d\u4ee4\u201d\u6216\u662fMakefile\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u3002<br \/>\n\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u547d\u540d\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u5f00\u5934\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u542b\u6709\u201c:\u201d\u3001\u201c#\u201d\u3001\u201c=\u201d\u6216\u662f\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u56de\u8f66\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u654f\u611f\u7684\uff0c\u201cfoo\u201d\u3001\u201cFoo\u201d\u548c\u201cFOO\u201d\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684Makefile\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u662f\u5168\u5927\u5199\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u642d\u914d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff0c\u5982\uff1aMakeFlags\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u610f\u5916\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<br \/>\n\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5f88\u5947\u602a\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u5982\u201c$&lt;\u201d\u3001\u201c$@\u201d\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840<br \/>\n\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u4e88\u521d\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c$\u201d\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u597d\u7528\u5c0f\u62ec\u53f7\u201c\uff08\uff09\u201d\u6216\u662f\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u201c{}\u201d\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u7ed9\u5305\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u201c$\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7528\u201c$$\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002<br \/>\n\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5982\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4f9d\u8d56\u201d\u3001\u201c\u547d\u4ee4\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0=\u00a0program.o\u00a0foo.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\nprogram\u00a0:\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-o\u00a0program\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n$(objects)\u00a0:\u00a0defs.h<br \/>\n\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u5c31\u50cfC\/C++\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0=\u00a0c<br \/>\nprog.o\u00a0:\u00a0prog.$(foo)<br \/>\n$(foo)$(foo)\u00a0-$(foo)\u00a0prog.$(foo)<br \/>\n\u5c55\u5f00\u540e\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<br \/>\nprog.o\u00a0:\u00a0prog.c<br \/>\ncc\u00a0-c\u00a0prog.c<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u4f60\u7684Makefile\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u5e72\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u662f\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8868\u660eMakefile\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5904\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6837\u5b50\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\u5176\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u66ff\u4ee3\u201d\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002<br \/>\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u52a0\u4e0a\u62ec\u53f7\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u60f3\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u52a0\u4e0a\u62ec\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u52a0\u4e0a\u62ec\u53f7\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e8c\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<br \/>\n\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5b83\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u6784\u9020\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5728\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002<br \/>\n\u5148\u770b\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u201c=\u201d\u53f7\uff0c\u5728\u201c=\u201d\u5de6\u4fa7\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53f3\u4fa7\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53f3\u4fa7\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5904\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53f3\u4fa7\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u975e\u8981\u662f\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u9762\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0=\u00a0$(bar)<br \/>\nbar\u00a0=\u00a0$(ugh)<br \/>\nugh\u00a0=\u00a0Huh?<br \/>\nall:<br \/>\necho\u00a0$(foo)<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u201cmake\u00a0all\u201d\u5c06\u4f1a\u6253\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf$(foo)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201cHuh?\u201d\uff08\u00a0$(foo)\u7684\u503c\u662f$(bar)\uff0c$(bar)\u7684\u503c\u662f$(ugh)\uff0c$(ugh)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201cHuh?\u201d\uff09\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u9762\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u63a8\u5230\u540e\u9762\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nCFLAGS\u00a0=\u00a0$(include_dirs)\u00a0-O<br \/>\ninclude_dirs\u00a0=\u00a0-Ifoo\u00a0-Ibar<br \/>\n\u5f53\u201cCFLAGS\u201d\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u88ab\u5c55\u5f00\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u662f\u201c-Ifoo\u00a0-Ibar\u00a0-O\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nCFLAGS\u00a0=\u00a0$(CFLAGS)\u00a0-O<br \/>\n\u6216\uff1a<br \/>\nA\u00a0=\u00a0$(B)<br \/>\nB\u00a0=\u00a0$(A)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4f1a\u8ba9make\u9677\u5165\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5c55\u5f00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53bb\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684make\u662f\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684make\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6162\uff0c\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f97\u4e24\u4e2amake\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u201cwildcard\u201d\u548c\u201cshell\u201d\u53d1\u751f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u77e5\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528make\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u201c:=\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nx\u00a0:=\u00a0foo<br \/>\ny\u00a0:=\u00a0$(x)\u00a0bar<br \/>\nx\u00a0:=\u00a0later<br \/>\n\u5176\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\ny\u00a0:=\u00a0foo\u00a0bar<br \/>\nx\u00a0:=\u00a0later<br \/>\n\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u9762\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u4e86\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<br \/>\ny\u00a0:=\u00a0$(x)\u00a0bar<br \/>\nx\u00a0:=\u00a0foo<br \/>\n\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cy\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201cbar\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201cfoo\u00a0bar\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u9762\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e86make\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u201cMAKELEVEL\u201d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0(0,${MAKELEVEL})<br \/>\ncur-dir\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0:=\u00a0$(shell\u00a0pwd)<br \/>\nwhoami\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0:=\u00a0$(shell\u00a0whoami)<br \/>\nhost-type\u00a0:=\u00a0$(shell\u00a0arch)<br \/>\nMAKE\u00a0:=\u00a0${MAKE}\u00a0host-type=${host-type}\u00a0whoami=${whoami}<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u5173\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u540e\u9762\u518d\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u201cMAKELEVEL\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684make\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d4c\u5957\u6267\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u524d\u9762\u7684\u201c\u5d4c\u5957\u4f7f\u7528make\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5f53\u524dMakefile\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5c42\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u518d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u8bf7\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\uff1a<br \/>\nnullstring\u00a0:=<br \/>\nspace\u00a0:=\u00a0$(nullstring)\u00a0#\u00a0end\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0line<br \/>\nnullstring\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aEmpty\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u7684space\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u53f3\u8fb9\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5f88\u7ba1\u7528\uff0c\u5148\u7528\u4e00\u4e2aEmpty\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u6807\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u9762\u91c7\u7528\u201c#\u201d\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b26\u6765\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fa\u5176\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u5173\u4e8e\u201c#\u201d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b26\u201c#\u201d\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6027\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<br \/>\ndir\u00a0:=\u00a0\/foo\/bar\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0#\u00a0directory\u00a0to\u00a0put\u00a0the\u00a0frobs\u00a0in<br \/>\ndir\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201c\/foo\/bar\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u8ddf\u4e864\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u522b\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u2014\u2014\u201c$(dir)\/file\u201d\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5b8c\u86cb\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u662f\u201c?=\u201d\uff0c\u5148\u770b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<br \/>\nFOO\u00a0?=\u00a0bar<br \/>\n\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679cFOO\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53d8\u91cfFOO\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201cbar\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679cFOO\u5148\u524d\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u6761\u8bed\u5c06\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u505a\uff0c\u5176\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0($(origin\u00a0FOO),\u00a0undefined)<br \/>\nFOO\u00a0=\u00a0bar<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u4e09\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u6709\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u201c$(var:a=b)\u201d\u6216\u662f\u201c${var:a=b}\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u201cvar\u201d\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u201ca\u201d\u5b57\u4e32\u201c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u201d\u7684\u201ca\u201d\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u201cb\u201d\u5b57\u4e32\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u201d\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u683c\u201d\u6216\u662f\u201c\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u662f\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u5427\uff1a<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0:=\u00a0a.o\u00a0b.o\u00a0c.o<br \/>\nbar\u00a0:=\u00a0$(foo:.o=.c)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c$(foo)\u201d\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u628a\u201c$(foo)\u201d\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u201c.o\u201d\u5b57\u4e32\u201c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u201d\u5168\u90e8\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u201c.c\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u201c$(bar)\u201d\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201ca.c\u00a0b.c\u00a0c.c\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4ee5\u201c\u9759\u6001\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u524d\u9762\u7ae0\u8282\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0:=\u00a0a.o\u00a0b.o\u00a0c.o<br \/>\nbar\u00a0:=\u00a0$(foo:%.o=%.c)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c%\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u540c\u6837\u8ba9$(bar)\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u201ca.c\u00a0b.c\u00a0c.c\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u2014\u2014\u201c\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u518d\u5f53\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\nx\u00a0=\u00a0y<br \/>\ny\u00a0=\u00a0z<br \/>\na\u00a0:=\u00a0$($(x))<br \/>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c$(x)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201cy\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5$($(x))\u5c31\u662f$(y)\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f$(a)\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201cz\u201d\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u662f\u201cx=y\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201cx=$(y)\u201d\uff09<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\uff1a<br \/>\nx\u00a0=\u00a0y<br \/>\ny\u00a0=\u00a0z<br \/>\nz\u00a0=\u00a0u<br \/>\na\u00a0:=\u00a0$($($(x)))<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684$(a)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201cu\u201d\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u63a8\u5bfc\u7559\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u505a\u5427\u3002<br \/>\n\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u201c\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\nx\u00a0=\u00a0$(y)<br \/>\ny\u00a0=\u00a0z<br \/>\nz\u00a0=\u00a0Hello<br \/>\na\u00a0:=\u00a0$($(x))<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684$($(x))\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u4e86$($(y))\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a$(y)\u503c\u662f\u201cz\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1aa:=$(z)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201cHello\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u518d\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<br \/>\nx\u00a0=\u00a0variable1<br \/>\nvariable2\u00a0:=\u00a0Hello<br \/>\ny\u00a0=\u00a0$(subst\u00a01,2,$(x))<br \/>\nz\u00a0=\u00a0y<br \/>\na\u00a0:=\u00a0$($($(z)))<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c$($($(z)))\u201d\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u201c$($(y))\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u201c$($(subst\u00a01,2,$(x)))\u201d\u3002$(x)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201cvariable1\u201d\uff0csubst\u51fd\u6570\u628a\u201cvariable1\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u201c1\u201d\u5b57\u4e32\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u201c2\u201d\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u201cvariable1\u201d\u53d8\u6210\u201cvariable2\u201d\uff0c\u518d\u53d6\u5176\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c$(a)\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f$(variable2)\u7684\u503c\u2014\u2014\u201cHello\u201d\u3002\uff08\u5594\uff0c\u597d\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff09<br \/>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u53d6\u5176\u503c\uff1a<br \/>\nfirst_second\u00a0=\u00a0Hello<br \/>\na\u00a0=\u00a0first<br \/>\nb\u00a0=\u00a0second<br \/>\nall\u00a0=\u00a0$($a_$b)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c$a_$b\u201d\u7ec4\u6210\u4e86\u201cfirst_second\u201d\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c$(all)\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201cHello\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u518d\u6765\u770b\u770b\u7ed3\u5408\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\na_objects\u00a0:=\u00a0a.o\u00a0b.o\u00a0c.o<br \/>\n1_objects\u00a0:=\u00a01.o\u00a02.o\u00a03.o<br \/>\nsources\u00a0:=\u00a0$($(a1)_objects:.o=.c)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c$(a1)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201ca\u201d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c$(sources)\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201ca.c\u00a0b.c\u00a0c.c\u201d\uff1b\u5982\u679c$(a1)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201c1\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48$(sources)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201c1.c\u00a02.c\u00a03.c\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u548c\u201c\u51fd\u6570\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u201d\u4e00\u540c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\nifdef\u00a0do_sort<br \/>\nfunc\u00a0:=\u00a0sort<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\nfunc\u00a0:=\u00a0strip<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\nbar\u00a0:=\u00a0a\u00a0d\u00a0b\u00a0g\u00a0q\u00a0c<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0:=\u00a0$($(func)\u00a0$(bar))<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u201cdo_sort\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff1afoo\u00a0:=\u00a0$(sort\u00a0a\u00a0d\u00a0b\u00a0g\u00a0q\u00a0c)\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f$(foo)\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201ca\u00a0b\u00a0c\u00a0d\u00a0g\u00a0q\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u201cdo_sort\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff1afoo\u00a0:=\u00a0$(sort\u00a0a\u00a0d\u00a0b\u00a0g\u00a0q\u00a0c)\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662fstrip\u51fd\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u201c\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u518d\u5f53\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\uff1a<br \/>\ndir\u00a0=\u00a0foo<br \/>\n$(dir)_sources\u00a0:=\u00a0$(wildcard\u00a0$(dir)\/*.c)<br \/>\ndefine\u00a0$(dir)_print<br \/>\nlpr\u00a0$($(dir)_sources)<br \/>\nendef<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u201cdir\u201d\uff0c\u201cfoo_sources\u201d\u548c\u201cfoo_print\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u56db\u3001\u8ffd\u52a0\u53d8\u91cf\u503c<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c+=\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u8ffd\u52a0\u503c\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0=\u00a0main.o\u00a0foo.o\u00a0bar.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0+=\u00a0another.o<br \/>\n\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684$(objects)\u503c\u53d8\u6210\uff1a\u201cmain.o\u00a0foo.o\u00a0bar.o\u00a0utils.o\u00a0another.o\u201d\uff08another.o\u88ab\u8ffd\u52a0\u8fdb\u53bb\u4e86\uff09<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u201c+=\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u4e3a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0=\u00a0main.o\u00a0foo.o\u00a0bar.o\u00a0utils.o<br \/>\nobjects\u00a0:=\u00a0$(objects)\u00a0another.o<br \/>\n\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7528\u201c+=\u201d\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u201c+=\u201d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u6210\u201c=\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u524d\u9762\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u201c+=\u201d\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u4e8e\u524d\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u524d\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u662f\u201c:=\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u201c+=\u201d\u4f1a\u4ee5\u201c:=\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0:=\u00a0value<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0+=\u00a0more<br \/>\n\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0:=\u00a0value<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0:=\u00a0$(variable)\u00a0more<br \/>\n\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0=\u00a0value<br \/>\nvariable\u00a0+=\u00a0more<br \/>\n\u7531\u4e8e\u524d\u6b21\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u662f\u201c=\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u201c+=\u201d\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ee5\u201c=\u201d\u6765\u505a\u4e3a\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c82\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u9012\u8865\u5f52\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5make\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e94\u3001override\u00a0\u6307\u793a\u7b26<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u901a\u5e38make\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48Makefile\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201coverride\u201d\u6307\u793a\u7b26\u3002\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\noverride\u00a0&lt;variable&gt;;\u00a0=\u00a0&lt;value&gt;;<br \/>\noverride\u00a0&lt;variable&gt;;\u00a0:=\u00a0&lt;value&gt;;<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u52a0\uff1a<br \/>\noverride\u00a0&lt;variable&gt;;\u00a0+=\u00a0&lt;more\u00a0text&gt;;<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u884c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528define\u6307\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u5728define\u6307\u793a\u7b26\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ovveride\u6307\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\noverride\u00a0define\u00a0foo<br \/>\nbar<br \/>\nendef<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:22:51<\/b><br \/>\n\u516d\u3001\u591a\u884c\u53d8\u91cf<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528define\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u4f7f\u7528define\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u8fc7\u201c\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u201d\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5c31\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff09\u3002<br \/>\ndefine\u6307\u793a\u7b26\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7684\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u800c\u91cd\u8d77\u4e00\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4ee5endef\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u201c=\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u4ee5[Tab]\u952e\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528define\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee5[Tab]\u952e\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48make\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u5176\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86define\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<br \/>\ndefine\u00a0two-lines<br \/>\necho\u00a0foo<br \/>\necho\u00a0$(bar)<br \/>\nendef<br \/>\n\u4e03\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<br \/>\nmake\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728make\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u88ab\u8f7d\u5165\u5230Makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679cMakefile\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7531make\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5e26\u5165\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u5c06\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u3002\uff08\u5982\u679cmake\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u201c-e\u201d\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5c06\u8986\u76d6Makefile\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff09<br \/>\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u201cCFLAGS\u201d\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684Makefile\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002\u5982\u679cMakefile\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86CFLAGS\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5219\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Makefile\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u6027\u548c\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5f88\u50cf\u201c\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53make\u5d4c\u5957\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u524d\u9762\u7684\u201c\u5d4c\u5957\u8c03\u7528\u201d\u7ae0\u8282\uff09\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c42Makefile\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u4ee5\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4e0b\u5c42\u7684Makefile\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u800c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5411\u4e0b\u5c42Makefile\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528exprot\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u3002\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u524d\u9762\u7ae0\u8282\uff09<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u628a\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u7528\u7684Makefile\u65f6\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002<br \/>\n\u516b\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf<br \/>\n\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u9664\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u201c$&lt;\u201d\u7b49\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u91cf\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u89c4\u5219\u578b\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u6837\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cTarget-specific\u00a0Variable\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u201c\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u540c\u540d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u53ea\u5728\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fde\u5e26\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5176\u503c\u4e5f\u53ea\u5728\u4f5c\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6709\u6548\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002<br \/>\n\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\n&lt;target\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;\u00a0:\u00a0&lt;variable-assignment&gt;;<br \/>\n&lt;target\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;\u00a0:\u00a0overide\u00a0&lt;variable-assignment&gt;;<br \/>\n&lt;variable-assignment&gt;;\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u8fc7\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8d4b\u503c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u201c=\u201d\u3001\u201c:=\u201d\u3001\u201c+=\u201d\u6216\u662f\u201c\uff1f=\u201d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8emake\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5e26\u5165\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u4f5c\u7528\u5230\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6240\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nprog\u00a0:\u00a0CFLAGS\u00a0=\u00a0-g<br \/>\nprog\u00a0:\u00a0prog.o\u00a0foo.o\u00a0bar.o<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0$(CFLAGS)\u00a0prog.o\u00a0foo.o\u00a0bar.o<br \/>\nprog.o\u00a0:\u00a0prog.c<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0$(CFLAGS)\u00a0prog.c<br \/>\nfoo.o\u00a0:\u00a0foo.c<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0$(CFLAGS)\u00a0foo.c<br \/>\nbar.o\u00a0:\u00a0bar.c<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0$(CFLAGS)\u00a0bar.c<br \/>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5168\u5c40\u7684$(CFLAGS)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5728prog\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff08prog.o\u00a0foo.o\u00a0bar.o\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff09\uff0c$(CFLAGS)\u7684\u503c\u90fd\u662f\u201c-g\u201d<br \/>\n\u4e5d\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf<br \/>\n\u5728GNU\u7684make\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Pattern-specific\u00a0Variable\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u3002\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0cmake\u7684\u201c\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u81f3\u5c11\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c%\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u4ee5[.o]\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5b9a\u4e49\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<br \/>\n%.o\u00a0:\u00a0CFLAGS\u00a0=\u00a0-O<br \/>\n\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u4e00\u6837\uff1a<br \/>\n&lt;pattern\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;\u00a0:\u00a0&lt;variable-assignment&gt;;<br \/>\n&lt;pattern\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;\u00a0:\u00a0override\u00a0&lt;variable-assignment&gt;;<br \/>\noverride\u540c\u6837\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u662fmake\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad<br \/>\n\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9make\u6839\u636e\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5206\u652f\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u3001\u793a\u4f8b<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5224\u65ad$(CC)\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u201cgcc\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528GNU\u51fd\u6570\u7f16\u8bd1\u76ee\u6807\u3002<br \/>\nlibs_for_gcc\u00a0=\u00a0-lgnu<br \/>\nnormal_libs\u00a0=<br \/>\nfoo:\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0($(CC),gcc)<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0-o\u00a0foo\u00a0$(objects)\u00a0$(libs_for_gcc)<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0-o\u00a0foo\u00a0$(objects)\u00a0$(normal_libs)<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u793a\u4f8b\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u201cfoo\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u53d8\u91cf\u201c$(CC)\u201d\u503c\u6765\u9009\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u6765\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1aifeq\u3001else\u548cendif\u3002ifeq\u7684\u610f\u601d\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4ee5\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u3002else\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u5047\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002endif\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5endif\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53d8\u91cf$(CC)\u503c\u662f\u201cgcc\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u76ee\u6807foo\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\nfoo:\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0-o\u00a0foo\u00a0$(objects)\u00a0$(libs_for_gcc)<br \/>\n\u800c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53d8\u91cf$(CC)\u503c\u4e0d\u662f\u201cgcc\u201d\u65f6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u201ccc\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u76ee\u6807foo\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\nfoo:\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0-o\u00a0foo\u00a0$(objects)\u00a0$(normal_libs)<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5199\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u4e00\u4e9b\uff1a<br \/>\nlibs_for_gcc\u00a0=\u00a0-lgnu<br \/>\nnormal_libs\u00a0=<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0($(CC),gcc)<br \/>\nlibs=$(libs_for_gcc)<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\nlibs=$(normal_libs)<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\nfoo:\u00a0$(objects)<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0-o\u00a0foo\u00a0$(objects)\u00a0$(libs)<br \/>\n\u4e8c\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5<br \/>\n\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a<br \/>\n&lt;conditional-directive&gt;;<br \/>\n&lt;text-if-true&gt;;<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u4ee5\u53ca\uff1a<br \/>\n&lt;conditional-directive&gt;;<br \/>\n&lt;text-if-true&gt;;<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\n&lt;text-if-false&gt;;<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u5176\u4e2d&lt;conditional-directive&gt;;\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u201cifeq\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u3002<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u9762\u6240\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u201cifeq\u201d<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0(&lt;arg1&gt;;,\u00a0&lt;arg2&gt;;)<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0&#8216;&lt;arg1&gt;;&#8217;\u00a0&#8216;&lt;arg2&gt;;&#8217;<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0&#8220;&lt;arg1&gt;;&#8221;\u00a0&#8220;&lt;arg2&gt;;&#8221;<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0&#8220;&lt;arg1&gt;;&#8221;\u00a0&#8216;&lt;arg2&gt;;&#8217;<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0&#8216;&lt;arg1&gt;;&#8217;\u00a0&#8220;&lt;arg2&gt;;&#8221;<br \/>\n\u6bd4\u8f83\u53c2\u6570\u201carg1\u201d\u548c\u201carg2\u201d\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528make\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0($(strip\u00a0$(foo)),)<br \/>\n&lt;text-if-empty&gt;;<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201cstrip\u201d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u7a7a\uff08Empty\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48&lt;text-if-empty&gt;;\u5c31\u751f\u6548\u3002<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u662f\u201cifneq\u201d\u3002\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\nifneq\u00a0(&lt;arg1&gt;;,\u00a0&lt;arg2&gt;;)<br \/>\nifneq\u00a0&#8216;&lt;arg1&gt;;&#8217;\u00a0&#8216;&lt;arg2&gt;;&#8217;<br \/>\nifneq\u00a0&#8220;&lt;arg1&gt;;&#8221;\u00a0&#8220;&lt;arg2&gt;;&#8221;<br \/>\nifneq\u00a0&#8220;&lt;arg1&gt;;&#8221;\u00a0&#8216;&lt;arg2&gt;;&#8217;<br \/>\nifneq\u00a0&#8216;&lt;arg1&gt;;&#8217;\u00a0&#8220;&lt;arg2&gt;;&#8221;<br \/>\n\u5176\u6bd4\u8f83\u53c2\u6570\u201carg1\u201d\u548c\u201carg2\u201d\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u771f\u3002\u548c\u201cifeq\u201d\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u662f\u201cifdef\u201d\u3002\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\nifdef\u00a0&lt;variable-name&gt;;<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf&lt;variable-name&gt;;\u7684\u503c\u975e\u7a7a\uff0c\u90a3\u5230\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u771f\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u5047\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c&lt;variable-name&gt;;\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cifdef\u53ea\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u6709\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd8\u662f\u6765\u770b\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a<br \/>\nbar\u00a0=<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0=\u00a0$(bar)<br \/>\nifdef\u00a0foo<br \/>\nfrobozz\u00a0=\u00a0yes<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\nfrobozz\u00a0=\u00a0no<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e8c\uff1a<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0=<br \/>\nifdef\u00a0foo<br \/>\nfrobozz\u00a0=\u00a0yes<br \/>\nelse<br \/>\nfrobozz\u00a0=\u00a0no<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c$(frobozz)\u201d\u503c\u662f\u201cyes\u201d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5219\u662f\u201cno\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u662f\u201cifndef\u201d\u3002\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\nifndef\u00a0&lt;variable-name&gt;;<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u591a\u8bf4\u4e86\uff0c\u548c\u201cifdef\u201d\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728&lt;conditional-directive&gt;;\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e0a\uff0c\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u662f\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5[Tab]\u952e\u505a\u4e3a\u5f00\u59cb\uff08\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\u3002\u800c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b26\u201c#\u201d\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u201celse\u201d\u548c\u201cendif\u201d\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5[Tab]\u952e\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cmake\u662f\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6Makefile\u65f6\u5c31\u8ba1\u7b97\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u503c\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f60\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5982\u201c$@\u201d\u7b49\uff09\u653e\u5165\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u624d\u6709\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u6df7\u4e71\uff0cmake\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:23:29<\/b><br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\n\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<br \/>\n\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5904\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u66f4\u4e3a\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5177\u6709\u667a\u80fd\u3002make\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7b97\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e86\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u505a\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5<br \/>\n\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5f88\u50cf\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u201c$\u201d\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/>\n$(&lt;function&gt;;\u00a0&lt;arguments&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u6216\u662f<br \/>\n${&lt;function&gt;;\u00a0&lt;arguments&gt;;}<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c&lt;function&gt;;\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u540d\uff0cmake\u652f\u6301\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u591a\u3002&lt;arguments&gt;;\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u95f4\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7\u201c,\u201d\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u800c\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u201c\u7a7a\u683c\u201d\u5206\u9694\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4ee5\u201c$\u201d\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u4ee5\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u6216\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u628a\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u62ec\u8d77\u3002\u611f\u89c9\u5f88\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\uff1f\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u62ec\u53f7\u6700\u597d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u201c$(subst\u00a0a,b,$(x))\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c$(subst\u00a0a,b,${x})\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u4f1a\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd8\u662f\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<br \/>\ncomma:=\u00a0,<br \/>\nempty:=<br \/>\nspace:=\u00a0$(empty)\u00a0$(empty)<br \/>\nfoo:=\u00a0a\u00a0b\u00a0c<br \/>\nbar:=\u00a0$(subst\u00a0$(space),$(comma),$(foo))<br \/>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c$(comma)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9017\u53f7\u3002$(space)\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86$(empty)\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c$(foo)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201ca\u00a0b\u00a0c\u201d\uff0c$(bar)\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u201csubst\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66ff\u6362\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u628a$(foo)\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u9017\u53f7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5$(bar)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201ca,b,c\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e8c\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\n$(subst\u00a0&lt;from&gt;;,&lt;to&gt;;,&lt;text&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u66ff\u6362\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014subst\u3002<br \/>\n\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u628a\u5b57\u4e32&lt;text&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684&lt;from&gt;;\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u66ff\u6362\u6210&lt;to&gt;;\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u8fc7\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<br \/>\n$(subst\u00a0ee,EE,feet\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0street)\uff0c<br \/>\n\u628a\u201cfeet\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0street\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u201cee\u201d\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u201cEE\u201d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u201cfEEt\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0strEEt\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n$(patsubst\u00a0&lt;pattern&gt;;,&lt;replacement&gt;;,&lt;text&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u66ff\u6362\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014patsubst\u3002<br \/>\n\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u67e5\u627e&lt;text&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\uff08\u5355\u8bcd\u4ee5\u201c\u7a7a\u683c\u201d\u3001\u201cTab\u201d\u6216\u201c\u56de\u8f66\u201d\u201c\u6362\u884c\u201d\u5206\u9694\uff09\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f&lt;pattern&gt;;\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u4ee5&lt;replacement&gt;;\u66ff\u6362\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c&lt;pattern&gt;;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u201c%\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u3002\u5982\u679c&lt;replacement&gt;;\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u201c%\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c&lt;replacement&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c%\u201d\u5c06\u662f&lt;pattern&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c%\u201d\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u3002\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u201c\u201d\u6765\u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c%\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u771f\u5b9e\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u201c%\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\uff09<br \/>\n\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u8fc7\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<br \/>\n$(patsubst\u00a0%.c,%.o,x.c.c\u00a0bar.c)<br \/>\n\u628a\u5b57\u4e32\u201cx.c.c\u00a0bar.c\u201d\u7b26\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f[%.c]\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u66ff\u6362\u6210[%.o]\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u201cx.c.o\u00a0bar.o\u201d<br \/>\n\u5907\u6ce8\uff1a<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u9762\u201c\u53d8\u91cf\u7ae0\u8282\u201d\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u6709\u70b9\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\n\u201c$(var:&lt;pattern&gt;;=&lt;replacement&gt;;)\u201d<br \/>\n\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e<br \/>\n\u201c$(patsubst\u00a0&lt;pattern&gt;;,&lt;replacement&gt;;,$(var))\u201d\uff0c<br \/>\n\u800c\u201c$(var:\u00a0&lt;suffix&gt;;=&lt;replacement&gt;;)\u201d<br \/>\n\u5219\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e<br \/>\n\u201c$(patsubst\u00a0%&lt;suffix&gt;;,%&lt;replacement&gt;;,$(var))\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\uff1aobjects\u00a0=\u00a0foo.o\u00a0bar.o\u00a0baz.o\uff0c<br \/>\n\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u201c$(objects:.o=.c)\u201d\u548c\u201c$(patsubst\u00a0%.o,%.c,$(objects))\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n$(strip\u00a0&lt;string&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u53bb\u7a7a\u683c\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014strip\u3002<br \/>\n\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u53bb\u6389&lt;string&gt;;\u5b57\u4e32\u4e2d\u5f00\u5934\u548c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u53bb\u6389\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u503c\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<br \/>\n$(strip\u00a0a\u00a0b\u00a0c\u00a0)<br \/>\n\u628a\u5b57\u4e32\u201ca\u00a0b\u00a0c\u00a0\u201d\u53bb\u5230\u5f00\u5934\u548c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u201ca\u00a0b\u00a0c\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n$(findstring\u00a0&lt;find&gt;;,&lt;in&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u67e5\u627e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014findstring\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5e8f\u5217&lt;names&gt;;\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u540e\u7f00\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5b57\u4e32\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a$(suffix\u00a0src\/foo.c\u00a0src-1.0\/bar.c\u00a0hacks)\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u201c.c\u00a0.c\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n$(basename\u00a0&lt;names&#8230;&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u53d6\u524d\u7f00\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014basename\u3002<br \/>\n\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5e8f\u5217&lt;names&gt;;\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u5404\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5e8f\u5217&lt;names&gt;;\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5b57\u4e32\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a$(basename\u00a0src\/foo.c\u00a0src-1.0\/bar.c\u00a0hacks)\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u201csrc\/foo\u00a0src-1.0\/bar\u00a0hacks\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n$(addsuffix\u00a0&lt;suffix&gt;;,&lt;names&#8230;&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u52a0\u540e\u7f00\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014addsuffix\u3002<br \/>\n\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u628a\u540e\u7f00&lt;suffix&gt;;\u52a0\u5230&lt;names&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u52a0\u8fc7\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a$(addsuffix\u00a0.c,foo\u00a0bar)\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u201cfoo.c\u00a0bar.c\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n$(addprefix\u00a0&lt;prefix&gt;;,&lt;names&#8230;&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u52a0\u524d\u7f00\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014addprefix\u3002<br \/>\n\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u628a\u524d\u7f00&lt;prefix&gt;;\u52a0\u5230&lt;names&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u52a0\u8fc7\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a$(addprefix\u00a0src\/,foo\u00a0bar)\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u201csrc\/foo\u00a0src\/bar\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n$(join\u00a0&lt;list1&gt;;,&lt;list2&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014join\u3002<br \/>\n\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u628a&lt;list2&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u5bf9\u5e94\u5730\u52a0\u5230&lt;list1&gt;;\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u3002\u5982\u679c&lt;list1&gt;;\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u4e2a\u6570\u8981\u6bd4&lt;list2&gt;;\u7684\u591a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c&lt;list1&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u5c06\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u6837\u3002\u5982\u679c&lt;list2&gt;;\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u4e2a\u6570\u8981\u6bd4&lt;list1&gt;;\u591a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c&lt;list2&gt;;\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u5c06\u88ab\u590d\u5236\u5230&lt;list2&gt;;\u4e2d\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8fde\u63a5\u8fc7\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a$(join\u00a0aaa\u00a0bbb\u00a0,\u00a0111\u00a0222\u00a0333)\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u201caaa111\u00a0bbb222\u00a0333\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:24:08<\/b><br \/>\n\u56db\u3001foreach\u00a0\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nforeach\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u522b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7528\u6765\u505a\u5faa\u73af\u7528\u7684\uff0cMakefile\u4e2d\u7684foreach\u51fd\u6570\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4eff\u7167\u4e8eUnix\u6807\u51c6Shell\uff08\/bin\/sh\uff09\u4e2d\u7684for\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6216\u662fC-Shell\uff08\/bin\/csh\uff09\u4e2d\u7684foreach\u8bed\u53e5\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\n$(foreach\u00a0&lt;var&gt;;,&lt;list&gt;;,&lt;text&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u628a\u53c2\u6570&lt;list&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u9010\u4e00\u53d6\u51fa\u653e\u5230\u53c2\u6570&lt;var&gt;;\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6267\u884c&lt;text&gt;;\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21&lt;text&gt;;\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c&lt;text&gt;;\u7684\u6240\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f1a\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5f53\u6574\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c&lt;text&gt;;\u6240\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6240\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\uff09\u5c06\u4f1a\u662fforeach\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<br \/>\n\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c&lt;var&gt;;\u6700\u597d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff0c&lt;list&gt;;\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c&lt;text&gt;;\u4e2d\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528&lt;var&gt;;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u4f9d\u6b21\u679a\u4e3e&lt;list&gt;;\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\nnames\u00a0:=\u00a0a\u00a0b\u00a0c\u00a0d<br \/>\nfiles\u00a0:=\u00a0$(foreach\u00a0n,$(names),$(n).o)<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c$(name)\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6328\u4e2a\u53d6\u51fa\uff0c\u5e76\u5b58\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u201cn\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c$(n).o\u201d\u6bcf\u6b21\u6839\u636e\u201c$(n)\u201d\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f5c\u4e3aforeach\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c$(files)\u7684\u503c\u662f\u201ca.o\u00a0b.o\u00a0c.o\u00a0d.o\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cforeach\u4e2d\u7684&lt;var&gt;;\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0cforeach\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u53c2\u6570&lt;var&gt;;\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5c06\u4e0d\u5728\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u53ea\u5728foreach\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e94\u3001if\u00a0\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nif\u51fd\u6570\u5f88\u50cfGNU\u7684make\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u2014\u2014ifeq\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u524d\u9762\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\uff09\uff0cif\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\n$(if\u00a0&lt;condition&gt;;,&lt;then-part&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u6216\u662f<br \/>\n$(if\u00a0&lt;condition&gt;;,&lt;then-part&gt;;,&lt;else-part&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u53ef\u89c1\uff0cif\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u201celse\u201d\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4e0d\u542b\u3002\u5373if\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u3002&lt;condition&gt;;\u53c2\u6570\u662fif\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u4e3a\u975e\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u771f\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c&lt;then-part&gt;;\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5426\u5219&lt;else-part&gt;;\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<br \/>\n\u800cif\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c&lt;condition&gt;;\u4e3a\u771f\uff08\u975e\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a&lt;then-part&gt;;\u4f1a\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c&lt;condition&gt;;\u4e3a\u5047\uff08\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48&lt;else-part&gt;;\u4f1a\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5982\u679c&lt;else-part&gt;;\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5b57\u4e32\u3002<br \/>\n\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c&lt;then-part&gt;;\u548c&lt;else-part&gt;;\u53ea\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<br \/>\n\u516d\u3001call\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\ncall\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bb8\u591a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528call\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\n$(call\u00a0&lt;expression&gt;;,&lt;parm1&gt;;,&lt;parm2&gt;;,&lt;parm3&gt;;&#8230;)<br \/>\n\u5f53make\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c&lt;expression&gt;;\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982$(1)\uff0c$(2)\uff0c$(3)\u7b49\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab\u53c2\u6570&lt;parm1&gt;;\uff0c&lt;parm2&gt;;\uff0c&lt;parm3&gt;;\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u800c&lt;expression&gt;;\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c31\u662fcall\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nreverse\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0$(1)\u00a0$(2)<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0=\u00a0$(call\u00a0reverse,a,b)<br \/>\n\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cfoo\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201ca\u00a0b\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\nreverse\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0$(2)\u00a0$(1)<br \/>\nfoo\u00a0=\u00a0$(call\u00a0reverse,a,b)<br \/>\n\u6b64\u65f6\u7684foo\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u201cb\u00a0a\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e03\u3001origin\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\norigin\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u50cf\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u4f60\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u54ea\u91cc\u6765\u7684\uff1f\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<br \/>\n$(origin\u00a0&lt;variable&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c&lt;variable&gt;;\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u5728&lt;variable&gt;;\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c$\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\u3002Origin\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5176\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6765\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u201c\u51fa\u751f\u60c5\u51b5\u201d\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u662forigin\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c:<br \/>\n\u201cundefined\u201d<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c&lt;variable&gt;;\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\uff0corigin\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u201cundefined\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cdefault\u201d<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c&lt;variable&gt;;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201cCC\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cenvironment\u201d<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c&lt;variable&gt;;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f53Makefile\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u201c-e\u201d\u53c2\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6253\u5f00\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cfile\u201d<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c&lt;variable&gt;;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u3002<br \/>\n\u201ccommand\u00a0line\u201d<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c&lt;variable&gt;;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u88ab\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u201coverride\u201d<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c&lt;variable&gt;;\u662f\u88aboverride\u6307\u793a\u7b26\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cautomatic\u201d<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c&lt;variable&gt;;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199Makefile\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aMakefile\u5176\u5305\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6Make.def\uff0c\u5728Make.def\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u201cbletch\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u201cbletch\u201d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u628a\u4e4b\u91cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6765\u6e90\u4e8eMake.def\u6216\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7b49\u975e\u73af\u5883\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b83\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684Makefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<br \/>\nifdef\u00a0bletch<br \/>\nifeq\u00a0&#8220;$(origin\u00a0bletch)&#8221;\u00a0&#8220;environment&#8221;<br \/>\nbletch\u00a0=\u00a0barf,\u00a0gag,\u00a0etc.<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528override\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e0d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1f\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528override\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u662foverride\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7c97\u66b4\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u628a\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e5f\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u60f3\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u73af\u5883\u4f20\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u60f3\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4f20\u6765\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u516b\u3001shell\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nshell\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u4e0d\u50cf\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edfShell\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5b83\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u201c`\u201d\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cshell\u51fd\u6570\u628a\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4awk\uff0csed\u7b49\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\ncontents\u00a0:=\u00a0$(shell\u00a0cat\u00a0foo)<br \/>\nfiles\u00a0:=\u00a0$(shell\u00a0echo\u00a0*.c)<br \/>\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2aShell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684Makefile\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662fMakefile\u7684\u9690\u6666\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684shell\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u6bd4\u4f60\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u591a\u5f97\u591a\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e5d\u3001\u63a7\u5236make\u7684\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nmake\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u63a7\u5236make\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd0\u884cMakefile\u65f6\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u8ba9make\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u505c\u6b62\u3002<br \/>\n$(error\u00a0&lt;text\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c&lt;text\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cerror\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u628a\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a<br \/>\nifdef\u00a0ERROR_001<br \/>\n$(error\u00a0error\u00a0is\u00a0$(ERROR_001))<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e8c\uff1a<br \/>\nERR\u00a0=\u00a0$(error\u00a0found\u00a0an\u00a0error!)<br \/>\n.PHONY:\u00a0err<br \/>\nerr:\u00a0;\u00a0$(ERR)<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e00\u4f1a\u5728\u53d8\u91cfERROR_001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u540e\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u4ea7\u751ferror\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e8c\u5219\u5728\u76ee\u5f55err\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u624d\u53d1\u751ferror\u8c03\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n$(warning\u00a0&lt;text\u00a0&#8230;&gt;;)<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5f88\u50cferror\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9make\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u6bb5\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800cmake\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:25:00<\/b><br 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\/>\n\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0cGNU\u00a0make\u627e\u5bfb\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684Makefile\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u4f9d\u6b21\u627e\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u201cGNUmakefile\u201d\u3001\u201cmakefile\u201d\u548c\u201cMakefile\u201d\u3002\u5176\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u627e\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9make\u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u540d\u5b57\u7684Makefile\u3002\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4f7f\u7528make\u7684\u201c-f\u201d\u6216\u662f\u201c&#8211;file\u201d\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u201c&#8211;makefile\u201d\u53c2\u6570\u4e5f\u884c\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e2amakefile\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u662f\u201chchen.mk\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u8ba9make\u6765\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<br \/>\nmake\u00a0\u2013f\u00a0hchen.mk<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u5728make\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ea\u4e00\u6b21\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201c-f\u201d\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u7684makefile\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9make\u6267\u884c\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e09\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807<br \/>\n\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cmake\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u662fmakefile\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5b83\u76ee\u6807\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u8fde\u5e26\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662fmake\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u7684makefile\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u793amake\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u5b8c\u6210\u4f60\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9700\u5728make\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u8ddf\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\uff08\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u201cmake\u00a0clean\u201d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09<br \/>\n\u4efb\u4f55\u5728makefile\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u6210\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u201c-\u201d\u6253\u5934\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u201c=\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab\u89e3\u6790\u6210\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u786e\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3amake\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u8981make\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5176\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9690\u542b\u76ee\u6807\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u6210\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u3002<br \/>\n\u6709\u4e00\u4e2amake\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53eb\u201cMAKECMDGOALS\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u4f60\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u7a7a\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\nsources\u00a0=\u00a0foo.c\u00a0bar.c<br \/>\nifneq\u00a0(\u00a0$(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)<br \/>\ninclude\u00a0$(sources:.c=.d)<br \/>\nendif<br \/>\n\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u662f\u201cmake\u00a0clean\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48makefile\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5305\u542b\u201cfoo.d\u201d\u548c\u201cbar.d\u201d\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2amakefile\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u8bd1\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br \/>\n.PHONY:\u00a0all<br \/>\nall:\u00a0prog1\u00a0prog2\u00a0prog3\u00a0prog4<br \/>\n\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2amakefile\u4e2d\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u2014\u201cprog1\u201d\uff0c\u00a0\u201cprog2\u201d\uff0c\u00a0\u201cprog3\u201d\u548c\u00a0\u201cprog4\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201cmake\u00a0all\u201d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7f16\u8bd1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff08\u5982\u679c\u628aall\u7f6e\u6210\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u9700\u6267\u884c\u201cmake\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201cmake\u00a0prog2\u201d\u6765\u5355\u72ec\u7f16\u8bd1\u76ee\u6807\u201cprog2\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u5373\u7136make\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u6240\u6709makefile\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u79cd\u6027\u8d28\u6765\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684makefile\u6839\u636e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u5728Unix\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53d1\u5e03\u65f6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662fGNU\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u65f6\uff0c\u5176makefile\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u6253\u5305\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u7167\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u4e66\u5199\u6211\u4eec\u7684makefile\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<br \/>\n\u201call\u201d<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cclean\u201d<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u88abmake\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cinstall\u201d<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u5df2\u7f16\u8bd1\u597d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u76ee\u6807\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cprint\u201d<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4f8b\u51fa\u6539\u53d8\u8fc7\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u201ctar\u201d<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u628a\u6e90\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6253\u5305\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2atar\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cdist\u201d<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u628atar\u6587\u4ef6\u538b\u6210Z\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6216\u662fgz\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u201cTAGS\u201d<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u66f4\u65b0\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u91cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n\u201ccheck\u201d\u548c\u201ctest\u201d<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5makefile\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684makefile\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4e66\u5199\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u662fGNU\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u60f3\uff0cGNU\u641e\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u5176\u53ef\u53d6\u4e4b\u5904\uff08\u7b49\u4f60\u7684UNIX\u4e0b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u591a\u65f6\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u4e66\u5199\u8fd9\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u89c4\u8303\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u7528\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u660e\u767d\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684makefile\u4e2d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5f88\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u5f97\u4f60\u7684makefile\u5f88\u4e13\u4e1a\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u79cd\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u56db\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\n\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684makefile\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6267\u884c\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u60f3\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528make\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e0b\u8ff0\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<br \/>\n\u201c-n\u201d<br \/>\n\u201c&#8211;just-print\u201d<br \/>\n\u201c&#8211;dry-run\u201d<br \/>\n\u201c&#8211;recon\u201d<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u53ea\u662f\u6253\u5370\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5426\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u628a\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u8fde\u5e26\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u8bd5makefile\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u5904\u3002<br \/>\n\u201c-t\u201d<br \/>\n\u201c&#8211;touch\u201d<br 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\/>\n\u201c&#8211;warn-undefined-variables\u201d<br \/>\n\u53ea\u8981make\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8f93\u51fa\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:25:37<\/b><br \/>\n\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\n\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<br 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\/>\n\u201c&lt;n&gt;;.r\u201d\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e3a\u201cn.l\u201d\uff08Lex\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u6210\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\uff1a\u201c$(LEX)\u00a0$(LFALGS)\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n12\u3001\u4eceC\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001Yacc\u6587\u4ef6\u6216Lex\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efaLint\u5e93\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u3002<br \/>\n\u201c&lt;n&gt;;.ln\u201d\u00a0\uff08lint\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e3a\u201cn.c\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u6210\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\uff1a\u201c$(LINT)\u00a0$(LINTFALGS)\u00a0$(CPPFLAGS)\u00a0-i\u201d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c&lt;n&gt;;.y\u201d\u548c\u201c&lt;n&gt;;.l\u201d\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e09\u3001\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<br \/>\n\u5728\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4f60\u7684makefile\u4e2d\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5728make\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u4f20\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bf9\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528make\u7684\u201c-R\u201d\u6216\u201c&#8211;no\u2013builtin-variables\u201d\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u53d6\u6d88\u4f60\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u2014\u2014\u7f16\u8bd1C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201c$(CC)\u00a0\u2013c\u00a0$(CFLAGS)\u00a0$(CPPFLAGS)\u201d\u3002Make\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201ccc\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u201c$(CC)\u201d\u91cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u201cgcc\u201d\uff0c\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u201c$(CFLAGS)\u201d\u91cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u201c-g\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5168\u90e8\u4f1a\u4ee5\u201cgcc\u00a0\u2013c\u00a0-g\u00a0$(CPPFLAGS)\u201d\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u201cCC\u201d\uff1b\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u7684\u5173\uff0c\u5982\u201cCFLAGS\u201d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6240\u6709\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<br \/>\n1\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\nAR<br \/>\n\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u6253\u5305\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201car\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nAS<br \/>\n\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cas\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nCC<br \/>\nC\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201ccc\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nCXX<br \/>\nC++\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cg++\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nCO<br \/>\n\u4ece\u00a0RCS\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6269\u5c55\u6587\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cco\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nCPP<br \/>\nC\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff08\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201c$(CC)\u00a0\u2013E\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nFC<br \/>\nFortran\u00a0\u548c\u00a0Ratfor\u00a0\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u548c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cf77\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nGET<br \/>\n\u4eceSCCS\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6269\u5c55\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cget\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nLEX<br \/>\nLex\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8eC\u6216Ratfor\uff09\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201clex\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nPC<br \/>\nPascal\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cpc\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nYACC<br \/>\nYacc\u6587\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8eC\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cyacc\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nYACCR<br \/>\nYacc\u6587\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8eRatfor\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cyacc\u00a0\u2013r\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nMAKEINFO<br \/>\n\u8f6c\u6362Texinfo\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\uff08.texi\uff09\u5230Info\u6587\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cmakeinfo\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nTEX<br \/>\n\u4eceTeX\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efaTeX\u00a0DVI\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201ctex\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nTEXI2DVI<br \/>\n\u4eceTexinfo\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u519bTeX\u00a0DVI\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201ctexi2dvi\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nWEAVE<br \/>\n\u8f6c\u6362Web\u5230TeX\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cweave\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nCWEAVE<br \/>\n\u8f6c\u6362C\u00a0Web\u00a0\u5230\u00a0TeX\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201ccweave\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nTANGLE<br \/>\n\u8f6c\u6362Web\u5230Pascal\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201ctangle\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nCTANGLE<br \/>\n\u8f6c\u6362C\u00a0Web\u00a0\u5230\u00a0C\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201cctangle\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nRM<br \/>\n\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u201crm\u00a0\u2013f\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n2\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u660e\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u90fd\u662f\u7a7a\u3002<br \/>\nARFLAGS<br \/>\n\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u6253\u5305\u7a0b\u5e8fAR\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\u201crv\u201d\u3002<br \/>\nASFLAGS<br \/>\n\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002\uff08\u5f53\u660e\u663e\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u201c.s\u201d\u6216\u201c.S\u201d\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff09\u3002<br \/>\nCFLAGS<br \/>\nC\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\nCXXFLAGS<br \/>\nC++\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\nCOFLAGS<br \/>\nRCS\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\nCPPFLAGS<br \/>\nC\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002\uff08\u00a0C\u00a0\u548c\u00a0Fortran\u00a0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\uff09\u3002<br \/>\nFFLAGS<br \/>\nFortran\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\nGFLAGS<br \/>\nSCCS\u00a0\u201cget\u201d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\nLDFLAGS<br \/>\n\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u201cld\u201d\uff09<br \/>\nLFLAGS<br \/>\nLex\u6587\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\nPFLAGS<br \/>\nPascal\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\nRFLAGS<br \/>\nRatfor\u00a0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684Fortran\u00a0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\nYFLAGS<br \/>\nYacc\u6587\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u56db\u3001\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u94fe<br \/>\n\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a[.o]\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u662f\u5148\u88abYacc\u7684[.y]\u6587\u4ef6\u5148\u6210[.c]\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u88abC\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u751f\u6210\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6[.c]\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528C\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709[.c]\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a[.y]\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48Yacc\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u751f\u6210[.c]\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u8c03\u7528C\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u6700\u7ec8\u7531[.c]\u751f\u6210[.o]\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd[.c]\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u662f\u76ee\u6807\uff09\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u52aa\u529b\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u6709\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u5176\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u7740\u5730\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u4f60\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u6211\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u751f\u6210\uff1f\u600e\u4e48\u6211\u7684makefile\u53d1\u75af\u4e86\uff1f<br \/>\n\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5b83\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u662f\u9664\u975e\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e2d\u95f4\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u6210\u529f\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u88ab\u4ee5\u201crm\u00a0-f\u201d\u5220\u9664\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88abmakefile\u6307\u5b9a\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u6216\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4ecb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u663e\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e2d\u4ecb\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201c.INTERMEDIATE\u201d\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u58f0\u660e\u3002\uff08\u5982\uff1a.INTERMEDIATE\u00a0\uff1a\u00a0mid\u00a0\uff09<br \/>\n\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62make\u81ea\u52a8\u5220\u9664\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8981\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201c.SECONDARY\u201d\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u58f0\u660e\uff08\u5982\uff1a.SECONDARY\u00a0:\u00a0sec\uff09\u3002\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\uff08\u5982\uff1a%.o\uff09\u6210\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201c.PRECIOUS\u201d\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u88ab\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u201c\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u51fa\u73b0\u4e24\u6b21\u6216\u4e24\u6b21\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u9632\u6b62\u5728make\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u65e0\u9650\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<br \/>\nMake\u4f1a\u4f18\u5316\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u751f\u6210\u4e2d\u95f4\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u201cfoo.c\u201d\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201cfoo\u201d\uff0c\u6309\u9053\u7406\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u4e2d\u95f4\u6587\u4ef6\u201cfoo.o\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u94fe\u63a5\u6210\u201cfoo\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u52a8\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4e00\u6761\u201ccc\u201d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\uff08cc\u00a0\u2013o\u00a0foo\u00a0foo.c\uff09\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e2d\u95f4\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:26:11<\/b><br \/>\n\u4e94\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\n\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u9700\u8981\u6709&#8221;%&#8221;\u5b57\u7b26\u3002&#8221;%&#8221;\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&#8221;%&#8221;\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u7684&#8221;%&#8221;\u7684\u53d6\u503c\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u3002<br \/>\n\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c&#8221;%&#8221;\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u53d1\u751f\u5728make\u8f7d\u5165Makefile\u65f6\uff0c\u800c\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684&#8221;%&#8221;\u5219\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u3002<br \/>\n1\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u4ecb\u7ecd<br \/>\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u8981\u5305\u542b&#8221;%&#8221;\uff0c\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u7684&#8221;%&#8221;\u5b9a\u4e49\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff0c&#8221;%&#8221;\u8868\u793a\u957f\u5ea6\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u975e\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a&#8221;%.c&#8221;\u8868\u793a\u4ee5&#8221;.c&#8221;\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u81f3\u5c11\u4e3a3\uff09\uff0c\u800c&#8221;s.%.c&#8221;\u5219\u8868\u793a\u4ee5&#8221;s.&#8221;\u5f00\u5934\uff0c&#8221;.c&#8221;\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u81f3\u5c11\u4e3a5\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c&#8221;%&#8221;\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u7684&#8221;%&#8221;\u7684\u503c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u7684&#8221;%&#8221;\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684&#8221;%&#8221;\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d&#8221;%&#8221;\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/>\n%.o\u00a0:\u00a0%.c\u00a0;\u00a0&lt;command\u00a0&#8230;&#8230;&gt;;<br \/>\n\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u4ece\u6240\u6709\u7684[.c]\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u7684[.o]\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u751f\u6210\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f&#8221;a.o\u00a0b.o&#8221;\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48&#8221;%c&#8221;\u5c31\u662f&#8221;a.c\u00a0b.c&#8221;\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u65e6\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u7684&#8221;%&#8221;\u6a21\u5f0f\u88ab\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u53bb\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u627e\u5230\uff0cmake\u5c31\u4f1a\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u51fa\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0cmake\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0cmake\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd9\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002<br \/>\n2\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u8868\u793a\u4e86,\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684[.c]\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210[.o]\u6587\u4ef6.<br \/>\n%.o\u00a0:\u00a0%.c<br \/>\n$(CC)\u00a0-c\u00a0$(CFLAGS)\u00a0$(CPPFLAGS)\u00a0$&lt;\u00a0-o\u00a0$@<br \/>\n\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c&#8221;$@&#8221;\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u6328\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c&#8221;$&lt;&#8220;\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u6328\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5947\u602a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6211\u4eec\u53eb&#8221;\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf&#8221;\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\uff1a<br \/>\n%.tab.c\u00a0%.tab.h:\u00a0%.y<br \/>\nbison\u00a0-d\u00a0$&lt;<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u544a\u8bc9make\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684[.y]\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4ee5&#8221;bison\u00a0-d\u00a0&lt;n&gt;;.y&#8221;\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u751f\u6210&#8221;&lt;n&gt;;.tab.c&#8221;\u548c&#8221;&lt;n&gt;;.tab.h&#8221;\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c&#8221;&lt;n&gt;;&#8221;\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f&#8221;foo&#8221;\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6&#8221;parse.tab.o&#8221;\u548c&#8221;scan.o&#8221;\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6587\u4ef6&#8221;scan.o&#8221;\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6&#8221;parse.tab.h&#8221;\uff0c\u5982\u679c&#8221;parse.y&#8221;\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c&#8221;bison\u00a0-d\u00a0parse.y&#8221;\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c&#8221;parse.tab.o&#8221;\u548c&#8221;scan.o&#8221;\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u9f50\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c&#8221;parse.tab.o&#8221;\u7531&#8221;parse.tab.c&#8221;\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u548c&#8221;scan.o&#8221;\u7531&#8221;scan.c&#8221;\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u800c&#8221;foo&#8221;\u7531&#8221;parse.tab.o&#8221;\u548c&#8221;scan.o&#8221;\u94fe\u63a5\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u4e14foo\u548c\u5176[.o]\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u4e5f\u5199\u597d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\uff09<br 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\/>\n6\u3001\u5982\u679c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7b2c5\u6b65\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u505a\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<br \/>\n1\uff09\u5982\u679c\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<br \/>\n2\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\uff08\u540c\u7b2c5\u6b65\uff09<br \/>\n3\uff09\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u662f\u7406\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\u3002<br \/>\n4\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u67e5\u627e\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u627e\u5230\u3002<br \/>\n5\uff09\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u662f\u7406\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5c31\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n7\u3001\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u67e5\u770b&#8221;.DEFAULT&#8221;\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u628a&#8221;.DEFAULT&#8221;\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed9T\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u65e6\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u5176\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bbs.chinaunix.net\/viewpro.php?uid=20073892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gunguymadman<\/a> \u56de\u590d\u4e8e\uff1a2004-09-16 12:26:44<\/b><br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528make\u66f4\u65b0\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<br \/>\n\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9Object\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u6253\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728Unix\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7531\u547d\u4ee4&#8221;ar&#8221;\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u6253\u5305\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6210\u5458<br \/>\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<br \/>\narchive(member)<br 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