{"id":2266,"date":"2016-10-15T15:09:13","date_gmt":"2016-10-15T07:09:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/boweihe.me\/?p=2266"},"modified":"2016-10-15T15:09:13","modified_gmt":"2016-10-15T07:09:13","slug":"%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e5%8d%95%e8%af%8d%e7%9a%84%e7%bb%9f%e8%ae%a1%e7%bf%bb%e8%af%91%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b-ibm-model1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/?p=2266","title":{"rendered":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b IBM Model1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u5e73\u884c(parallel)\u8bed\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9e\u4e60\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u5e78\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u8fd8\u662f\u633a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u3002<br \/>\nIBM\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u5230\u7e41\u7410\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u6709Model1-Model5\u4e94\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5168\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bcd\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u3002<br \/>\n\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u5bf9Model1\u4f5c\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u6587\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5c06\u6cd5\u6587(French)\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u82f1\u6587(English)\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u566a\u58f0\u4fe1\u9053\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1=\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b+\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6a21\u578b\u5047\u5b9a\u6e90\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\uff08\u6cd5\u8bed\uff09\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09\u7ecf\u8fc7\u542b\u6709\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e[latex]\\arg\\max_{e}p(e|f)[\/latex]\u3002<br \/>\n\u6839\u636e\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u5230[latex]\\arg\\max_{e}p(e|f)=\\arg\\max_{e}\\frac{p(f|e)p(e)}{p(f)}[\/latex]\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u8bed\u5355\u8bcd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c[latex]p(f)[\/latex]\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0a\u5f0f\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e[latex]\\arg\\max_{e}p(f|e)p(e)[\/latex],\u5176\u4e2d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>[latex]p(f|e)[\/latex]\u79f0\u4e3a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4fe1\u53f7\u6e90\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>[latex]p(e)[\/latex]\u79f0\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u4fe1\u53f7\u6e90\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u88ab\u62c6\u89e3\u6210\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e86\u3002\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b:)<\/p>\n<h3>\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50(Alignment)<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c2\/ChineseWordAlignment.png\" alt=\"Word Alignment\" width=\"568\" height=\"151\" \/><br \/>\n\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6cd5\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u5305\u542bm\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u5373[latex]F=f_1, f_2, &#8230;, f_m[\/latex]\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u5305\u542bl\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u5373[latex]E=e_1, e_2, &#8230;, e_l[\/latex]\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6982\u7387[latex]p(F|E)=p(f_1,f_2,&#8230;,f_m|e_1,e_2,&#8230;,e_l, m)[\/latex]\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5bf9\u53e5\u5b50\u957f\u5ea6\u670d\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u5e03[latex]p(m|l)[\/latex]\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<br \/>\n\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u76f4\u63a5\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4e00\u5e2e\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4eba\u60f3\u51fa\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5f15\u5165\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50(word alignment):[latex]p(F|E)=p(F,A|E)=p(f_1,f_2,&#8230;,f_m,a_1,a_2,&#8230;,a_m|e_1,e_2,&#8230;,e_l, m)[\/latex]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e2aa\u5c31\u662f\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e2a\u9690\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6e90\u8bed\u8a00(\u6cd5\u8bed)\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u662f\u7528\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u8a00(\u82f1\u8bed)\u7ffb\u8bd1\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\">e = And the program has been implemented\n     1   2     3     4   5       6\nf = Le programme a ete mis en application\n     1   2       3  4   5   6      7<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c[latex]l=6, m=7[\/latex]\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">Le =&gt; the\nProgramme =&gt; program\na =&gt; has\nate =&gt; been\nmis =&gt; implemented\nen =&gt; implemented\napplication =&gt; implemented<\/pre>\n<p>\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684alignment\u6807\u8bb0\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a[latex]a_1,a_2,&#8230;,a_7=&lt;2,3,4,5,6,6,6&gt;[\/latex]<br \/>\n\u6b64\u5916\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u52a0\u5165\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684NULL\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u82f1\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201c\u65e0\u7528\u201d\u7684\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>IBM Model 1\uff1a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b=\u5bf9\u9f50+\u8bcd-\u8bcd\u7ffb\u8bd1<\/h3>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u5355\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u5bf9\u9f50\u548c\u8bcd\u5230\u8bcd\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u8fb9\u9645\u5316\u53c2\u6570A<br \/>\n[latex]p(F|E)=\\sum_{A}p(F,A|E)=\\sum_{A}p(A|E)p(F|E,A)[\/latex]<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u5728Model 1\u4e2d\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u9f50\u90fd\u662f\u7b49\u6982\u7387\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5[latex]p(a|e)=\\prod_{i=1}^{m}\\frac{1}{l+1}[\/latex]\u3002<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u8bcd-\u8bcd\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u7cbe\u7b80\u4e86\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86&#8230;<br \/>\n[latex]P(F|E,A)=\\prod_{j=1}^{m}tr(f_j|e_{A_{j}})[\/latex]<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u5934\u7684[latex]tr(.|.)[\/latex]\u5c31\u662f\u5355\u8bcd\u5230\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\uff1a\u671f\u671b\u6700\u5927\u5316(EM)<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f88\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u8bcd-\u8bcd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u77e5\u9053\u5355\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50\uff1b\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u5355\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u77e5\u9053\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9e21\u751f\u86cb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528EM\u6765\u89e3\u3002<br \/>\n\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570[latex]\\delta(k,i,j)[\/latex]\u8868\u793a\u7b2ck\u7ec4\u5e73\u884c\u9884\u6599\uff08\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e2d\u6cd5\u6587-\u82f1\u6587\u53e5\u5b50\uff09\u91cc\u7684\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u6cd5\u6587\u8bcd\uff0c\u7b2cj\u4e2a\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3[latex]\\delta(k,i,j)=1\/0[\/latex]\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e94\u5f53\/\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u7136\u800c\u76ee\u524d\u65e0\u4eba\u80fd\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9690\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u6700\u5927\u4f3c\u7136\u4f30\u8ba1\u6765\u4f30\u8ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6982\u7387\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5355\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5373<br \/>\n[latex]\\delta(k,i,j)=\\frac{q(j|i,l_k,m_k)tr(f_i^{(k)}|e_j^{(k)})}{\\sum_{j=0}^{l_k}q(j|i,l_k,m_k)tr(f_i^{(k)}|e_j^{(k)})}=\\frac{tr(f_i^{(k)}|e_j^{(k)})}{\\sum_{j=0}^{l_k}tr(f_i^{(k)}|e_j^{(k)})}[\/latex]<br \/>\n\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f0f\u5b50\u662f\u6839\u636eModel 1\u201c\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u90fd\u662f\u7b49\u6982\u7387\u201d\u5047\u5b9a\u63a8\u5bfc\u6765\u7684\uff1a[latex]q(j|i,l_k,m_k)=\\frac{1}{l^{(k)}+1}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6[latex](f^{(k)}, e^{(k)})[\/latex]\u5176\u4e2d[latex]k=1,&#8230;,n[\/latex]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d[latex]f^{(k)}=f_1^{(k)}&#8230;f_m^{(k)}, e^{(k)}=e_1^{(k)}&#8230;e_l^{(k)}[\/latex]<br \/>\n\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6240\u6709\u8bcd-\u8bcd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6982\u7387[latex]t(f|e)[\/latex]<br \/>\n\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u6211\u7528\u7eff\u8272\u7684\u5b57\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e86<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>for<\/strong> t=1&#8230;T\n<ul>\n<li>Set all counts [latex]c=0[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li><strong>for<\/strong> [latex]k=1&#8230;N[\/latex]\n<ul>\n<li><strong>for<\/strong> [latex]i=1&#8230;m_k[\/latex]\n<ul>\n<li><strong>for<\/strong> [latex]j=1&#8230;l_k[\/latex]\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\/\/ word(i,j) in parallel corpus line k<\/span><\/li>\n<li>[latex]\\delta(k,i,j)=\\frac{tr(f_i^{(k)}|e_j^{(k)}}{\\sum_{j=0}^{l_k}tr(f_i^{(k)}|e_j^{(k)})}[\/latex] <span style=\"color: #008000;\">\/\/estimate alignment<\/span><\/li>\n<li>[latex]c(e_j^{(k)},f_i^{(k)})+=\\delta(k,i,j)[\/latex] <span style=\"color: #008000;\">\/\/update co-occurence count for word-word pair<\/span><\/li>\n<li>[latex]c(e_j^{(k)})+=\\delta(k,i,j)[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>[latex]tr(f|e)=\\frac{c(e,f)}{c(e)}[\/latex] <span style=\"color: #008000;\">\/\/update word-word pair<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008000;\">translation probabilities<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[latex]tr(f|e)[\/latex]<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cs.columbia.edu\/~mcollins\/courses\/nlp2011\/notes\/ibm12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.cs.columbia.edu\/~mcollins\/courses\/nlp2011\/notes\/ibm12.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/cpmarkchang.logdown.com\/posts\/245418-mt-ibm-model-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/cpmarkchang.logdown.com\/posts\/245418-mt-ibm-model-1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u5e73\u884c(parallel)\u8bed\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9e\u4e60\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u5e78\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u8fd8\u662f\u633a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u3002 IBM\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u5230\u7e41\u7410\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u6709Model1-Model5\u4e94\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5168\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bcd\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u53ea\u5bf9Model1\u4f5c\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u6587\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5c06\u6cd5\u6587(French)\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u82f1\u6587(English)\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002 \u566a\u58f0\u4fe1\u9053\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1=\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b+\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b \u6a21\u578b\u5047\u5b9a\u6e90\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\uff08\u6cd5\u8bed\uff09\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09\u7ecf\u8fc7\u542b\u6709\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e[latex]\\arg\\max_{e}p(e|f)[\/latex]\u3002 \u6839\u636e\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u5230[latex]\\arg\\max_{e}p(e|f)=\\arg\\max_{e}\\frac{p(f|e)p(e)}{p(f)}[\/latex]\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u8bed\u5355\u8bcd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c[latex]p(f)[\/latex]\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0a\u5f0f\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e[latex]\\arg\\max_{e}p(f|e)p(e)[\/latex],\u5176\u4e2d [latex]p(f|e)[\/latex]\u79f0\u4e3a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4fe1\u53f7\u6e90\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff1b [latex]p(e)[\/latex]\u79f0\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u4fe1\u53f7\u6e90\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff1b \u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u88ab\u62c6\u89e3\u6210\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e86\u3002\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b:) \u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50(Alignment) \u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6cd5\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u5305\u542bm\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u5373[latex]F=f_1, f_2, &#8230;, f_m[\/latex]\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u5305\u542bl\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u5373[latex]E=e_1, e_2, &#8230;, e_l[\/latex]\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6982\u7387[latex]p(F|E)=p(f_1,f_2,&#8230;,f_m|e_1,e_2,&#8230;,e_l, m)[\/latex]\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5bf9\u53e5\u5b50\u957f\u5ea6\u670d\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u5e03[latex]p(m|l)[\/latex]\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002 \u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u76f4\u63a5\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4e00\u5e2e\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4eba\u60f3\u51fa\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5f15\u5165\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50(word alignment):[latex]p(F|E)=p(F,A|E)=p(f_1,f_2,&#8230;,f_m,a_1,a_2,&#8230;,a_m|e_1,e_2,&#8230;,e_l, m)[\/latex]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e2aa\u5c31\u662f\u8bcd\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e2a\u9690\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6e90\u8bed\u8a00(\u6cd5\u8bed)\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u662f\u7528\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u8a00(\u82f1\u8bed)\u7ffb\u8bd1\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002 \u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a e = And the program has been implemented 1 2 3 4 5 6 f = Le programme a ete mis en application 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c[latex]l=6, m=7[\/latex]\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a Le [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[42,187,188],"class_list":["post-2266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-study","tag-em","tag-187","tag-188"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2266"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2266\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2266"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2266"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dayandcarrot.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}