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LeetCode 335. Self Crossing

题目:

You are given an array x of n positive numbers. You start at point (0,0) and moves x[0] metres to the north, then x[1] metres to the west, x[2] metres to the south,x[3] metres to the east and so on. In other words, after each move your direction changes counter-clockwise.
Write a one-pass algorithm with O(1) extra space to determine, if your path crosses itself, or not.
Example 1:

Given x = [2, 1, 1, 2],
┌───┐
│   │
└───┼──>
    │
Return true (self crossing)

Example 2:

Given x = [1, 2, 3, 4],
┌──────┐
│      │
│
│
└────────────>
Return false (not self crossing)

Example 3:

Given x = [1, 1, 1, 1],
┌───┐
│   │
└───┼>
Return true (self crossing)

思路:

https://leetcode.com/discuss/88054/java-oms-with-explanation
本人愚钝,想不到O(1)空间复杂度的方法,只能看Discussion啦,看完以后发现,遇到问题能够分析出各种情况真是不容易。
把大神的代码总结一下,可以变成下面这张图,图中给出了可能发生self-crossing的所有情况(其他情况都是这些情况的”旋转”版本):
LeetCode_Self_Crossing
所以就是遍历所有移动步x[i],判断之前的情况是否在这三种情况之内,如果有的话,那肯定就有crossing了。其中情况2的意思是,当前的步进x[i]覆盖到了x[i-4]了,其他情况看图应该都好理解的。

代码:

class Solution {
public:
    bool isSelfCrossing(vector<int>& x) {
        int numSz = x.size();
        if(numSz <= 3)
            return false;
        for(int i=3; i<numSz; i++){
            if(x[i]>=x[i-2] && x[i-1]<=x[i-3]) //Cond 1
                return true;
            else if(i>=4 && x[i-1]==x[i-3] && x[i]+x[i-4]>=x[i-2])//Cond 2
                return true;
            else if(i>=5 && x[i-1]<=x[i-3] && x[i-4]<=x[i-2] && x[i]+x[i-4]>=x[i-2] && x[i-1]+x[i-5]>=x[i-3]) //Cond 3
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
};

 

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